Harvest has started across most of Southern Illinois. Yields are highly variable.

Corn yield reports running from 130 to 240. High infield variability is also reported and its “normal” to hear of 175 bu yield swings based on soil type. Higher yields are being reported in isolated spots that got timely rain with lower yields also being in isolated spots of no rain. Most report so far that they are at or near their APH on yield. I suspect to see those number drop a bit as harvest moves into the mid May planting date fields. Moisture is running 22-34% out of the field and also in the same field!

Bean yields are again highly variable with yields in the mid 40s to 70 bushel. Again high infield variability is being reported with as much as 50 bu yield swings between soil types.

The soil is to dry and hard for any soil sampling at this point.

Extreme heat starting today. Earlier planted corn is 1/4-1/2 milk line so I would anticipate less damage to it. Later planted corn is not dented yet, there could be damage done resulting in major tip back.

Crop conditions are good. Soybeans are looking better than the corn on average. Lots of tip back in the corn but there are bigger kernels than usual so the yield drop may not be as bad.

Our area is highly variable on crop conditions. Rainfall has been highly variable and many areas have just missed major rainfall events for region as a whole. Most of Monroe County has caught some rain on Wednesday of this week ranging from an inch in some places but others only a few tenths. Prior to that most except for the northern part of the county had received little appreciable rainfall over the last two weeks. Even when rains do come, a day or two later the soil is just as dry as it was before any rain; in most fields the deep soil water has already been tapped. Corn is mostly around tassel stage and many fields showing significant stress especially in the afternoon. Tassel emergence is highly variable and in some fields there is a concern with pollination. Soybeans are progressing but they too are showing stress. Double crop soybeans have come up fairly well and are holding there own. The best looking crops overall are those along the west, in the Mississippi River bottoms. Other than some very sandy fields most were planted early and have found some moisture.

Let see see how far this recent rain goes and hopefully catch a few more showers across the area.

Very scattered rain July 1-4 across the region. Reports of no rain to 6 inches in locally heavy spots. Rain was spotty as you may have got rain on this quarter section and not the next. On our own farm we had one rain event where we had 4 tenths on one field and basically 0 half mile down the road on another. Despite the rain we are far from out of the woods on drought. The moisture hasn’t meet yet on our own farm and most others across S Illinois.

Lots and lots of questions on April planted corn. Some 4 ft tall and trying to tassel, most without any silks. In some fields silks out but no tassels. We are seeing root issues in the dry soil, some of the storms root lodged the corn and it has nothing to hold onto with the dry conditions. Late May and June planted corn still has a fighting chance. Some fungicide is going on, but I am not sure why at this stage, there is no disease pressure and in some cases, we don’t really have a viable host.

Early planted soybeans have maybe 9 nodes in some fields and have never closed the rows on 15 inches. Heard the seed production guy say he has never seed blooms “on the ground” because plants are so short. Later planting and later maturity are doing better. Spider mites are showing up in many places.

2023 harvest is shaping up to be a highly variable mess. There will be fields of good/average yields next to almost complete disasters based on planting date and what cloud it was under when.

The recent precipitation events left the soil with high moisture levels, helping double cropping soybean fields to emerge. This particular field was planted about two weeks ago, under drought and without access irrigation, but plants are emerging with high vigor and uniform stand. With more rain on the radar, this particular field has good yield potential at this point.

We have been dry again this week, having missed any potential rain chances that were predicted. Our temperatures have also warmed up with most days at 90 degrees or above for highs. This has really put the stress to crops especially in the afternoon. Overall, crops look fairly good considering the dry, but they are growing fairly slow. Some early planted corn in the river bottom is starting to tassel. Wheat harvest is wrapping up and all reports I have heard have had very good yields and quality. Double crop soybeans are emerging fairly well, but they along with everything else, will really be hurting if we continue to stay hot and dry.

Despite the drier conditions, the soybean crop is progressing and reaching reproductive stages in this area of the state. In my last report, I visited a field with known root-knot nematode pressure, so this week, I decided to check a location with a history of elevated SCN populations. That field had numerous fully developed SCN females (cysts) and foliar symptoms. We may see more SCN foliar this season compared to other years due to the widespread drought.

I will leave some SCN scouting recommendations below. Please visit The SCN Coalition (TheSCNCoalition.com) for detailed SCN sampling recommendations and management insights.
– Visit areas with a history of SCN pressure.
– Look for potential field symptoms (patches with yellow plants and reduced growth – Figure 1).
– Dig (don’t pull) some plants using a shovel (see video 3). Pulling plants may leave some of the females in the soil, especially with the drier-than-normal conditions.
– Inspect the roots and look for adult females. They are small but can be observed with the naked eye (Figure 2).
– Females will look from white/light yellow to brown, depending on their developmental stage and age.

It is still very dry overall across our area. We have had a few scattered rain chances that have brought most at least some rain, however, we are at such an overall deficit, that it just doesn’t feel that it goes very far. Last weekend was the most “widespread” rainfall we have had, but still some areas got as little as 0.2” but many had 0.6” to 1” with a few getting more than that in isolated areas. The saving grace across the board has been our mild temperatures. Most corn and soybean fields look good and is growing but has some stress areas on hot afternoons. There are areas that missed rain where there was some replanting although it has been a balance as without rain replanting may not be any better than the first attempt. We are in full swing of wheat harvest. It has taken some time to get the crop dried but early reports are of good yields overall. Planters are tailing right behind harvest hoping to get double crop soybean in prior to any possible chance of rain.

Corn is hanging on as we are at least getting dew that runs down to the base of the plant. Wheat yield reports continue to be excellent. Both in bu/ac and test weight. Despite the dark clouds and a rainbow, no rain now in many locations for 35 days.

The lower-than-average precipitation not only slows plant growth but also intensifies symptoms caused by soil-borne pathogens (SCN, root-knot nematode, etc.). In this field, just outside Carmi, we can observe severe symptoms caused by the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The symptoms were limited to only a patch in the field over a sandy hill. This nematode does not cause nearly as much damage as SCN in Illinois, but we must keep an eye open for it.

This nematode prefers sandier soils and is most likely found in areas closer to the rivers. If you see patches with stunted plants, dig up some plants and look for galls (see image 2). There is nothing we can do to manage this nematode in this season, but a seed-applied nematicide can help in the future. Corn is also a host of this nematode, so crop rotation is less effective in this case.

Wheat harvest has started. Yield reports have been very good but moisture is inconsistent. Most who are harvesting are drying their wheat. Replanting is all but done. However most of the replanting on soybeans have the seed sitting in dry soil. There is good soil moisture in many fields below 3 inches. Low humidity is really playing havoc with the crop. Corn is uneven and ranges from lime green to dark green, in the same field and even between rows across most fields. In worked fields we are seeing floppy corn even with 2 inch planting depth due to roots having little to hold on to in the loose dry soil. With the lack of moisture crop damage is way up this year with a lot of deer and turkey damage. Reports of over 30 head of deer in some bean fields picking them clean at night. Some have replanted beans 3 times due to deer damage.

Very dry and slight crop stress until yesterdays rainfall. Crops are more relaxed now and I anticipate some rapid growth this week.

Excellent soybean field under irrigation near Valmeyer (Monroe County). High yield potential and probably one of the best weed management programs I have seen this season.

Our area still continues to be dry. A few areas have got spot showers, but most have only left a tenth or two at most which only brings some short-term relief. Overall, crops do look fairly good for the lack of moisture, but week to week growth is slow with limited water. Crops do show some stress in the middle of sunny days especially with the fairly low humidity levels, but recover during the evening. The driest areas are still in the central part of the county only having received a 0.5″ of rain in the last two months. Wheat is rapidly drying down, I have not seen any harvest yet, but do expect to see some combines starting to roll in the next week if the weather pattern stays the same. Here’s to another week hoping for more widespread rain for all that need it the most!

Crops are starting to suffer from lack of rainfall in many of the surrounding counties. With the exception of no precipitation, most all fields have great emergence and are off to a good start. Wheat is 10-20 days from harvest.

Plants are reaching R1 stage this week and beginning to display drought stress symptoms. Some farmers are already running irrigation systems in the region. High temperatures, elevated sand content, and lack of precipitation may limit plant growth in the following weeks in fields without access to irrigation

It was a warm, dry week in Franklin County, like much of the state. With this, soils in the better drained fields or parts of fields are getting dry enough that crop growth appears to have slowed. However, with relatively good soil moisture levels in the county heading into this week, plant stress is still minimal, particularly in the lower lying areas. That may change as we head into next week with little rain in the forecast and temps still in the 90s on some days. The wheat in the area is still looking good overall, and much of it has started to senesce.

Unfortunately, like most we have not gotten any measurable rainfall over the past week, and with the temperatures starting to get into the 90s, it is really putting some stress on our crops. The latest planted crops are the most severely hit but all are showing some signs of stress. Locally, the central part of Monroe County has been hit the hardest, missing rainfall that has gone to the north and to the south. Hillsides of some corn fields are stressed and rolled up or bare with little emergence or stand. Many fields under normal conditions would be candidates to replant or at least patch in bare areas, however, with no soil moisture and no promising chances in the forecast there really isn’t any point to put more seeds out right now. From the Illinois Wheat Association field tour, the general consensus was that overall the wheat crop and yield estimates favored a very good crop in 2023. The wheat crop is turning very quickly which is being accelerated by the dry conditions.

Unlike much of the rest of the state, soils in Franklin County are relatively moist. Some of the lowest lying and/or poorest drained fields are being planted this week and will likely wrap up by early next week. There are small low spots in some earlier planted fields that will likely need to be replanted, but those areas are relatively few. Corn that has emerged is generally somewhere in the V2 to V4 stage, and emerged soybeans are generally closer to V1-V2. As we move into next week, the hot and dry conditions may start to cause some crop stress on the tops of hills and/or in areas with a shallow clay or fragipan layer. But these dry conditions will also allow for timely weed control operations, as germinating waterhemp is now commonly visible and at the optimal stage for control. Wheat in the area is still looking good, and despite the dry weather in the forecast, will likely have sufficient moisture available for good seed fill.

This is the same field in White County from my 05/17 report. Plants have reached V3 stage (V1-V2 last week). Great overall weed control, along with some post-herbicide application injuries (see photos). The recent precipitation has left the fields with high moisture levels, but the dry and warm forecast along with elevated sand content in this region may cause water stress soon.

Wireworms are being found and hurting stands in April planted corn on hills and Sandy soils in Saline Co this week. Scout fields now.

Some areas of southern Illinois are getting rain after rain and as a result field conditions are terrible. While many are near finished with planting other have yet to start. Some have lost patience for good soil conditions and are going ahead with planting; the result is a lot of poor stands and fields with the seed slot open or tunneling. Overall crop rating is a 5 out of 10.

Most of our area has finally received some rainfall over the last week, but it has been scattered and highly variable. I have had reports of a few tenths to a few inches across the county. Much of the area has gotten about 3/4 to 1″, however, there is a band through the central part of the county that has only gotten a few tenths at best and even that was scattered across multiple days. I have a corn demonstration plot planted 5/3 that after 2 weeks barely emerged and soybeans planted that same time again with very spotty emergence. Wide spread rain is greatly needed. For those that have caught rain, crops responded almost overnight in growth. I have seen some of the largest corn fields at V3-4. PRE herbicide activation has been a concern with limited rainfall. Wheat continues to be quite happy with continued modest temperatures overall in the 70s and 80s and no excessive precipitation. We will get a better view of the wheat crop across the region next Tuesday at the Illinois Wheat Association Plot Tour, where farmer groups will canvas many of our wheat producing counties across the state, assessing crop quality and yield estimates They will wrap up at the Belleville Research Center late afternoon to view plots and report crop observations.

This soybean field is located in White County, just south of Carmi. Field is currently at V1 stage, with some plants reaching V2

This soybean field has uniform germination and good plant stand.

In my trip through South Central IL this past week, most fields I saw are still on the wet side. Most wheat fields are headed out and at least entering the anthesis (flowering) period. The wet soils kept the ground equipment out of many fields, but I did see at least a couple planes applying fungicide treatments.

I didn’t see much in the way of newly planted fields, and that which was planted in the last couple weeks has, for the most part, not yet emerged. That said, there were a few fields with emerged spring-planted crop. With more rain coming through this weekend, field operations will likely be delayed a bit longer in that region. But with a dry and relatively warm forecast next week, many are expecting to get back in the field.

Locally, we are still very dry overall. Rainfall has been very scattered with some areas having caught almost an inch, yet others not even a tenth so far. Temperatures have been moderate with highs in the 70’s to low 80’s, but some days have had a noticeable increase in humidity to more summer-like conditions. Most crops are emerged, but there are some acres left to plant. Soil moisture conditions for planting this spring have been the best I can remember for the last few years, compared with many, wet springs we have had in recent memory. The extent of the dry is starting to get concerning and most are hoping for a few inches of rain, even if they still have some acres to plant. Wheat is still looking very good, especially with the modest temperatures and dry weather. I have seen some fungicides applied earlier this week on wheat acres.

Wheat stands in south-central Illinois look good overall. There is some unevenness in plant heights visible across fields, which is fairly normal for the relatively flatter fields in that area, for this stage of wheat growth, and for this time of year. But the stands look good in general. Most fields I walked through or observed from the road are at or near boot stage with some in the early heading stages. Farmers are also making progress with spring planting, although very little has emerged due to the cool temperatures over the past few weeks. Also, with somewhat wetter conditions relative to much of the rest of the state, field operations have not taken place in many low-lying and/or poorly drained fields. With a rainy week ahead, some of those fields may remain unplanted for a bit longer.

Significant progress in planting both corn and soybeans has happened over the last 10 days. Some growers are nearing completion already! Planting conditions for corn have been relatively good, soybeans that went in early are struggling to emerge. The soil is tight and we need a rain shower to bring them the rest of the way

Like many we are very dry. Despite the cool weather, the last few fronts that have passed through over the last few weeks have not left much more than a few tenths of rain. That coupled with the windy conditions, has really dried things out. We are on the down hill side of full season corn and soybean planting with the only major slow down in planting has been some cooler weather, however, that pattern is supposed to break for more spring-like temperatures. There are some corn and soybean fields up, but just barely enough that you can row them from the road. Even the earliest planted has been very slow to emerge with the cool weather and lows still dropping to near 40 degrees some nights. Wheat is appreciating the dry weather and modest temperatures and is looking very good. Hopefully we will catch some rain here in the next week!